Speech Surrogates

Summary

Double-headed drum system of the Hausa people of northern Nigeria mentioned by Ames et al.  (1971:14): “The urban and rural youth ... have their own personal personal taakee [identifying surrogate phrase], which are played on the hour-glass pressure drum (kàlànguu) and the big double-membrane ‘drum of farming’ (gàngaan noomaa).”

Bibliography

Ames, D. W., Gregersen, E. A., & Neugebauer, T. (1971). Taaken Sàmàarii: A Drum Language of Hausa Youth. Africa, 41(1), 12–31. https://doi.org/10.2307/1159675

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